NACSO, the Namibian Association of CBNRM Support Organisations, assists conservancies and other rural associations to manage their natural resources for their own benefit, and to enhance conservation through Community Based Natural Resource Management activities (CBNRM).
Namibia’s National Protected Area System – state land devoted to conservation – covers over 17% of the country and is broadly split into two parts: national parks and concessions. Concession areas are state land managed by non-state entities, such as communal conservancies or private-sector operators, and are usually used for tourism.
There are four broad types of concession: lodge-based tourism, campsite-based tourism, trophy hunting, and traversing rights (whereby a communal conservancy or tour operator may have the right to traverse national park areas with tourist clients).
Forest cover in Namibia was once much greater than it is now. As population growth increased demand for timber for traditional housing and the rapid commercial exploitation of species such as Zambezi Teak and Kiaat intensified, forest reserves were in severe danger of depletion. With climate change an increasing concern in Namibia, as well as the rest of the world, the maintenance of forest cover is of particular importance.
Namibia’s forest areas are part of southern Africa’s Miombo Woodlands. They are not dense forests, but rather aggregations of woodlands and bush. They are ecologically important for carbon storage, for their capacity to retain soil and prevent erosion, and for the wealth of biodiversity (flora and fauna) they contain or host. Forests are also an economic resource, containing timber and other plants. African Teak is a high-value timber used in carving. Other forest products include devil’s claw, a tuber with medicinal qualities.
Namibia’s forest areas are part of southern Africa’s Miombo Woodlands. They are not dense forests, but aggregations of woodlands and bush. They are ecologically important for carbon storage, for their capacity to retain soil and prevent erosion, and for the wealth of biodiversity (flora and fauna) they contain or are host to. Forests are also an economic resource containing timber and other plants. African Teak is a high value timber used in carving. Other forest products include devil’s claw, a tuber with medicinal qualities.
Namibia’s national parks are part of a network of protected areas managed by the Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism (MEFT). Namibia’s protected areas cover 130,00 square kilometres – almost 20% of the country.
The national parks are the best-known parts of this protected area network. Etosha and the Skeleton Coast are known worldwide for their wealth of wildlife and harsh, dramatic scenery. Namibia’s parks are linked to game reserves, recreational resorts, transfrontier parks and conservation areas, and to tourism concessions. This vast protected area is linked to Namibia’s communal and freehold conservancies, placing almost half of Namibia under conservation management.
The national parks are the best-known parts of this protected area network. Etosha and the Skeleton Coast are known worldwide for a wealth of wildlife and for harsh, dramatic scenery. Namibia’s parks are linked to game reserves, recreation resorts, transfrontier parks and conservation areas, and to tourism concessions. This vast protected area is linked to Namibia’s communal and freehold conservancies, placing almost half of Namibia under conservation management.
The first freehold conservancy on commercial farmland in Namibia was established in 1991, just a year after independence. There are currently 21, covering just over 6% of Namibia’s land area. These are all voluntary associations, established in response to environmental concerns and the dedication of commercial farmers. They are organised by the Conservancy Association of Namibia: CANAM.
CANAM defines a conservancy as a legally protected area managed by a group of bona fide land-occupiers, practising co-operative management based on a sustainable utilisation strategy and the promotion of the conservation of natural resources and wildlife. Conservancies should strive to restore original biodiversity.